The Digital Visibility Paradox: A Netnographic Investigation of Hyperreal Nature, Travel Desire, and Environmental Fragility Across Digital Platforms.


Ülker Demirel E., İnan Sarıca G.

NETNOCON 2026- Global Netnography Conference, İzmir, Türkiye, 17 - 19 Haziran 2026, ss.96-97, (Özet Bildiri)

  • Yayın Türü: Bildiri / Özet Bildiri
  • Basıldığı Şehir: İzmir
  • Basıldığı Ülke: Türkiye
  • Sayfa Sayıları: ss.96-97
  • Trakya Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet

Özet

This study introduces the Digital Visibility Paradox, referring to the way digital platforms can

simultaneously generate travel desire and enable critical reflection on the environmental

consequences of that desire. Digital platforms increasingly mediate how fragile environments

— destinations facing accelerating threats from climate change — are seen, valued, and

imagined. Through continuous digital circulation, these sites are transformed into objects of

desire via visual representations that produce hyperreal nature — images more vivid and

emotionally intensified than the environments they depict. Follower comments frequently

express astonishment, emotional engagement, and strong travel desire.

This study adopts a netnographic approach to examine these behavioral and discursive

patterns. The research unfolds across three phases, moving from visual platform analysis to

discursive spaces, and toward a synthesizing conceptual framework. Phase I analyzes the

content and follower comments of five Instagram travel influencer accounts, selected from an

initial pool of twelve based on follower count, content originality, and comment density criteria,

focusing on Greenland and Iceland between 2022 and 2025 — destinations where climate

change pressures are visible and digital representations actively intensify tourism desire

(Smith, 2021).

Supported by immersion journal notes (Kozinets, 2020), Phase I examines how content creators

aestheticize environmentally vulnerable destinations while stimulating interest in on-site

visitation. Preliminary findings indicate recurring expressions of astonishment (e.g.,

“unbelievable,” “too incredible to be true,” “extraterrestrial”) and aspiration (e.g., “this is on my

bucket list,” “I have to go ASAP”). These expressions can be interpreted through Baudrillardian

ideas of simulacrum, as users respond to digitally mediated representations rather than to

destinations as complex geographical realities. Instagram comments suggest that travel desire

96is driven primarily by aesthetic captivation and mediated perception rather than by explicit

urgency or last-chance motivation (Eijgelaar et al., 2010). Importantly, the two destinations

produce distinct hyperreality modes: Iceland more frequently activates travel desire, while

Greenland generates stronger aesthetic admiration with comparatively weaker expressions of

intended visitation.

Phase II examines how these digitally intensified representations are discussed and

problematized in discursive spaces. Rather than seeking direct convergence between

platforms, this phase maps the structural tensions that emerge when the same destinations

circulate as objects of desire on one platform and as sites of critique on another. The analysis

extends to Reddit communities, particularly r/Iceland and r/Greenland, where Reddit’s

deliberative and anonymous architecture contrasts with Instagram’s visually performative

logic. While Instagram foregrounds aesthetic spectacle, Reddit allows users to discuss

concerns around environmental pressure, overtourism, responsibility, and changing

relationships to place.

By bringing these layers together, the study develops a conceptual framework around three

structural tension points that constitute the Digital Visibility Paradox: (1) desire versus critique

— the same destination can function both as a bucket-list object and as a site of ethical

contestation; (2) visibility versus protection — digital visibility can raise awareness of

environmental fragility while also increasing the tourism pressure that may intensify it; and (3)

individual aspiration versus collective consequence — users may express personal travel

desire, while online communities negotiate broader questions of responsibility, sustainability,

and place-based impact.

Keywords: Hyperreality, Climate Change, Travel Desire, Netnography, Digital Visibility Paradox