Boron carbide nanoparticle–enhanced coriander seed oil biodiesel: Performance, emissions, and RSM-based optimization
Next Energy, cilt.13, 2026 (ESCI, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 13
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.nxener.2026.100899
- Dergi Adı: Next Energy
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Emerging Sources Citation Index (ESCI), Scopus
- Anahtar Kelimeler: B4C, Biodiesel, Coriander seed oil, Diesel engine, Nanoparticle, RSM
- Trakya Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
Coriander seed oil is a promising biodiesel feedstock due to its high petroselinic acid content and favorable fuel properties. In this study, the effects of boron carbide (B₄C) nanoparticles on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with a coriander seed oil biodiesel–diesel blend (KTY30) were experimentally investigated. B₄C nanoparticles were added to the KTY30 fuel blend at concentrations of 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppm, and engine tests were conducted under five different load conditions (500–2500 W) at a constant engine speed of 3000 rpm. The results showed that engine load had a dominant effect on engine performance, while the influence of B₄C concentration varied depending on the response parameter. The highest BTHE value was obtained as 27.39% at 25 ppm B₄C and 2500 W engine load, while the lowest BSFC value was recorded as 309.48 g/kWh under the same operating conditions. Response Surface Methodology (RSM) based on a Central Composite Design (CCD) was employed to model and optimize the engine responses. The developed models exhibited satisfactory predictive capability, with R² values ranging from 94.81% to 99.66%. Multi-objective optimization indicated that the optimum operating conditions were 56.56 ppm B₄C concentration and 1530.30 W engine load. Under these conditions, the predicted responses were 20.96% BTHE, 404.53 g/kWh BSFC, 9.02 ppm HC, 151.67 ppm NOₓ, 0.047% CO, 3.04% CO₂, 15.73% O₂, and 208.59°C EGT.