Physicochemical properties of the synthesized cationic gemini surfactants: Micellization, foam, dye solubilization and antimicrobial activity, drug-likeness, ADMET profiling properties
Journal of Molecular Structure, cilt.1374, 2026 (SCI-Expanded, Scopus)
- Yayın Türü: Makale / Tam Makale
- Cilt numarası: 1374
- Basım Tarihi: 2026
- Doi Numarası: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2026.146859
- Dergi Adı: Journal of Molecular Structure
- Derginin Tarandığı İndeksler: Science Citation Index Expanded (SCI-EXPANDED), Scopus, Chemical Abstracts Core, Chimica, Compendex, INSPEC, Academic Search Ultimate (EBSCO), Engineering Source (EBSCO)
- Anahtar Kelimeler: ADMET, Antimicrobial activity, Dye solubilization, Foaming properties, Gemini surfactant, Surface tension
- Trakya Üniversitesi Adresli: Evet
Özet
The physicochemical properties of the synthesized cationic gemini surfactants were determined as micellization, dye solubilization and foam formation. Initially, the critical micelle concentration (CMC) values of the surfactants for micellization properties were determined by the conductometric and tensiometric methods at 25 °C. The aggregation numbers (Nagg) of cationic gemini surfactants were determined by the steady-state fluorescence spectroscopy method. The efficiency of surfactants in reducing the surface tension of the solvent (pC20), as well as the maximum surface excess (Γmax), minimum surface area per molecule (Amin) and the surface pressure at the CMC (ΠCMC) values were calculated. It was observed that p12–2-p12 with shorter spacers exhibited better surface properties. The dye solubility ability at 25 °C was determined by measuring the absorbance values of the water-insoluble dye Sudan Red B in the aqueous solutions of the surfactants, and it was observed that the solubility showed a significant increase over the CMC values of the surfactants. Foaming properties were examined as foam capacity (FC) and foaming stability (FS) at 25 °C, and the foaming properties of p12–2-p12 were better than those of 12–2-O-2–12. Their in vitro antibacterial properties were examined against the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium (S. typhimurium), Escherichia coli (E. coli), and the yeast Candida albicans (C. albicans) and 12–2-O-2–12 was observed to be more effective. Additionally, drug similarity and ADMET profiling investigations were performed on these compounds.